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George
Patton
George PattonGeorge Smith Patton (November 11, 1885 -
December 21, 1945), born in San Gabriel, California, was
an American general leading U.S forces in various WW2
(World War II ) campaigns.
Biography
Patton's grandfather was a Confederate soldier
in the American Civil War. Patton was educated at the
Virginia Military Institute and at the West Point
Military Academy.
Patton was a staunch believer in reincarnation, and much
anecdotal evidece indicates that he held himself to be
the reincarnation of the Carthaginian General Hannibal; a
Roman legionnaire; a Napoleonic field marshal; and
various other historic military figures.
Early Military Career
During the Mexican Border Campaign of 1916,
Patton, while assigned to the 13th Cavalry Regiment in
Texas, accompanied then-Brigadier General John Pershing
as his aide during the Punitive Expedition into Mexico.
World War I
During World War I, Patton, then a lieutenant
colonel, was placed in charge of the U.S. Tank Corps,
which was part of the American Expeditionary Force and
then the First U.S. Army. He took part in the St. Michel
offensive of September, 1918, and was seriously wounded.
The Interwar Years
Between the wars, Patton wrote professional
articles on tank and armored car tactics, suggesting new
methods to use these weapons.
World War II
During the buildup of the American Army prior to
its entry into World War II, Patton established the
Desert Training Center in Indio, California. He also
commanded one of the two wargaming armies in the
Louisiana Maneuvers of 1941. Fort Benning, Georgia is
well known for General Patton's presence.
North African Campaign
In 1942, Major General Patton commanded the
Western Task Force of the U.S. Army, which landed on the
coast of Morocco in Operation Torch. Following the defeat
of the U.S. Army by the German Afrika Korps at the Battle
of Kasserine Pass in 1943, Patton was made lieutenant
general and placed in command of II Corps. Although tough
in his training, he was generally considered fair and
very well-liked by his troops.
Italian Campaign
Patton led the Seventh Army in the 1943 Sicilian
campaign.
Patton's career nearly ended in August of 1943. While
visiting hospitals and commending wounded soldiers, he
slapped and verbally abused Pvts. Paul G. Bennet and
Charles H. Kuhl, whom he thought were exhibiting cowardly
behavior. The soldiers were suffering from various forms
of battle fatigue or shell-shock, and had no visible
wounds (though one was subsequently found to have
dysentery). Because of this action, Patton was kept out
of public view for some time and secretly ordered to
apologize to the soldiers. Patton also was relieved of
command of the Seventh Army prior to its operations in
Italy.
Normandy
In the period leading to the Normandy invasion,
Patton gave public talks as commander of the (fictional)
First U.S. Army Group (FUSAG), which was supposedly
intending to invade France by way of Calais. This was
part of a sophisticated Allied campaign of military
deception, Operation Fortitude.
Following the Normandy invasion, Patton was placed in
command of the Third U.S. Army, which was on the extreme
right (west) of the Allied land forces. He led this army
during Operation Cobra, the breakout from earlier slow
fighting in the Norman system of planting hedgerows,
besieged Cherbourg, and then moved south and east,
assisting in trapping several hundred thousand German
soldiers in Falaise.
Operations in Europe
The Third Army was stopped because of a lack of
fuel in September, and resumed offensive operations in
the late fall of 1944. When the German army
counterattacked during the Battle of the Bulge, Patton
was able to disengage his army fighting eastward and
turned it ninety degrees northa considerable
tactical and logistical achievement.
Once the Bulge was reduced, Patton moved into the Saar
Basin of Germany. Patton was planning to take Prague,
Czechoslovakia, when the forward movement of American
forces was halted.
In October 1945 General Patton assumed control of the
Fifteenth Army, a paper army, in American-occupied
Germany. He died from injuries suffered in an auto
accident and was buried in American War Cemetery in Hamm,
Luxembourg.
Patton the legend and Patton the man
The fame which came from the movie is quite ironic since
the monologue in it is delivered from a stage in front of
what sounds like a very large audience. General George
Patton was not known as a good public speaker. He was
very self-conscious and knew that his high pitched voice
risked making him sound like an old grandmother. He was
fascinated with military history and loved to expound on
it, regaling those who were amateurs in the subject but
boring all others. This is in sharp contrast to the
gravelly voice of George C. Scott, and his confident
delivery of a finely tuned and concise speech.
Even more ironic was his coming to symbolize a fierce and
aggressive warrior. George Patton was certainly a very
persistent individual who reached his goal of becoming a
great general after having overcome disabilities which
are often overlooked by some of his more flattering
biographers. But he was above all the very opposite of a
warrior - he was a career officer, and a team player who
supported and was supported by his brother officers,
within the context of a large military bureaucracy.
From an early age George Patton dreamt of becoming a
great general, and did everything necessary to become
one. His focus made him ignore civilian life to the point
were, in World War II, he did not realize that he was
commanding an army of civilians who would be returning to
civilian life after the war, and who did not see Army
life exactly as he did. His brother officers, who were by
then his brother generals, were more astute about such
problems and managed to keep him out of trouble, most of
the time. The soldier-slapping incident of August 1943,
which is described above, was one instance where they
were unable to manage things in time. They were more
successful in keeping him from throwing corporal Bill
Mauldin in jail since they realized that his sometimes
sarcastic cartoons were good for morale. They also kept
their brother general from outlawing the Stars and
Stripes, the newspaper of the U.S. soldiers, when its
editorial policy and reporting did not suit him.
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